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Diesel...the main item with the black and red electrical lead is the fuel pump. The extra item mounted is a float type of fuel level indicator. Then the black bolted on thing is just the fill neck.
Can't speak to the TV cable being maladjusted. How long since the trans was serviced? Sounds like your filter is plugged and the oil overheated, losing pressure to shift all gears. I would change the filter and oil a couple of times to see if it comes back to life.
Nice to see your son helping with Grandpas truck. Don't suppose you still have the fill tube for the valve cover? I'm interested in one