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73-87 Chevy _ GMC Trucks => Engine/Drivetrain => Topic started by: English on May 31, 2015, 07:36:47 am

Title: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on May 31, 2015, 07:36:47 am
Digging deeper into my performance issues, I'm having another look at my timing. Turns out the mechanic who did the emissions test had turned my distributor back quite a bit to get it through. Timing was about 2*atdc!
Bringing it forward, I've set it to 12*btdc to get it in the right ball park, but it has an obvious misfire. I've also check the vac and mech advance, both seem to be operating properly.
Tried taking it for a spin with the timing set to 12*, and although it has a very rough idle, once it's going it actually feels stronger.
So... If I have a misfire, would retarding the timing somehow disguise it?
This morning I changed the ht leads, rotor arm and dizzy cap, none of which has made a difference. 
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: enaberif on May 31, 2015, 08:11:59 am
Take a timing light and attach it to all the spark plug leads and watch your timing light on the balancer.

The light should hold steady and not move. If you have a misfire you will see the balancer shift.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on May 31, 2015, 12:39:16 pm
1 and 6 look good
2 and 3 look bad
The rest I'm not sure on, I'm peering at different angles and from some points they look good but from other angles they look bad. My timing light only advances to 90*. I'll get some timing tape and try again. Going to borrow a remote thermometer from a friend too.
At 12* it runs awful (even if it feels stronger). Just set it to 6*btdc, getting better, it's not so bad when accelerating but jerky at cruise. Have to retard it to 2*btdc before it's comfortable to drive. So frustrating!
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: zieg85 on May 31, 2015, 01:49:56 pm

This morning I changed the ht leads, rotor arm and dizzy cap, none of which has made a difference.

By leads do you mean spark plug wires?  If yes then spark plugs is next.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on June 01, 2015, 01:13:26 am
Yeah sorry, over here they're called HT leads!

Spark plugs done already too.

Clutching at straws here- I see I have a 5 pin module in the distributor, are they prone to cause trouble? I know they were only around for a very short time. Wondering if a random retardation would cause my symptons
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on June 01, 2015, 03:38:20 pm
Okay finally found something useful. First of all - timing lights are much easier to use when it's dark !
Secondly - tried the timing light on each cylinder ,most of them are dead steady, but cylinder 5 is hunting (best way to describe it) and cylinder 7 has a slight wobble.
Only acts like that at idle, when I take the revs up both 5 and 7 are steady.
What does this indicate ? Valves?
This is with timing set to 6*
Will try again tomorrow with the timing set to 12*. It runs rougher that way - but why?
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: enaberif on June 01, 2015, 04:50:44 pm
Okay finally found something useful. First of all - timing lights are much easier to use when it's dark !
Secondly - tried the timing light on each cylinder ,most of them are dead steady, but cylinder 5 is hunting (best way to describe it) and cylinder 7 has a slight wobble.
Only acts like that at idle, when I take the revs up both 5 and 7 are steady.
What does this indicate ? Valves?
This is with timing set to 6*
Will try again tomorrow with the timing set to 12*. It runs rougher that way - but why?

Definitely start with the valves and ensure that they are where they should be.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on June 02, 2015, 02:38:23 pm
Okaaaaaaay... Been watching some youtube videos to see how my vacuum gauge should behave, and I'm coming to the conclusion that I have both a sticky valve (I'm guessing on cylinder 5, from what I see with the timing light) and worn valve guides. The needle has a rapid vibration, with a sporadic drop.

Question- how does altering the base timing affect this? When I set it to 12* the misfire is quite bad, when it's at 2* it goes away.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: enaberif on June 02, 2015, 03:15:44 pm
Okaaaaaaay... Been watching some youtube videos to see how my vacuum gauge should behave, and I'm coming to the conclusion that I have both a sticky valve (I'm guessing on cylinder 5, from what I see with the timing light) and worn valve guides. The needle has a rapid vibration, with a sporadic drop.

Question- how does altering the base timing affect this? When I set it to 12* the misfire is quite bad, when it's at 2* it goes away.

Altering your timing affects your idle. But advancing your distributor you will increase your rpm which then you will hear the issue. Retarding the distributor will slow down your idle which is when the issue goes away.

If you think you have a sticky valve see if you can find someone who has a leak down tester.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on June 02, 2015, 03:25:34 pm
It's not just at idle though, it's as the revs pick up. But goes away once the revs are high.
When the timing's retarded it's not a problem (truck just feels underpowered).

Would a compression test be of any use? Not sure how common leakdown tests are over here, hadn't heard of them till I started looking into this problem.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: enaberif on June 02, 2015, 03:28:39 pm
It's not just at idle though, it's as the revs pick up. But goes away once the revs are high.
When the timing's retarded it's not a problem (truck just feels underpowered).

Would a compression test be of any use? Not sure how common leakdown tests are over here, hadn't heard of them till I started looking into this problem.

Compression test will tell you how much air your cylinders can hold. Based of those values you can get a general idea of the health of the motors internals.

A leak down test will show you if there are any leaks anywhere within the system due to fault gaskets, seals or even bad valves.

Another test you can do is take a compressor with a fitting and pull out a plug and put a few psi into a cylinder to pressure it up and tap the top of the valve stem lightly and listen to the sound and do this across for all of them and see if it sounds the same. If you think #5 is an issue then specifically focus on that and see how it sounds pressurized.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on June 02, 2015, 03:52:47 pm
Cool, I'll look into getting some testing done. Thanks for all your help!
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: bd on June 02, 2015, 04:09:25 pm
Both compression tests and leak down tests pressurize the cylinders one-at-a-time.  A compression test yields pressure development within the cylinder based on piston travel and cylinder sealing - cylinder pressure is developed by cranking the engine; a leak down test relies on an external air pressure source to determine leakage past piston rings, gaskets, and valves.  Both will indicate when there is a problem.  Each has its pros and cons.  Different techs swear by different methods.  If you can't acquire a leak down gauge, use a compression gauge.

Generally speaking, increases in engine RPM mask a misfire, depending on the severity of the miss.

In addition to what's been suggested already, round out the basic tests by verifying the timing chain wear and indexing of the balancer timing mark.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: enaberif on June 02, 2015, 04:16:00 pm
If the timing chain was bad then you should see more movement of the balancer would you not?
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: bd on June 02, 2015, 04:41:40 pm
Not really.  The timing chain is under tension created by friction in the rotating assembly and valve train.  The cam won't out-accelerate the crankshaft, so the cam and ignition aren't likely to bounce noticeably between retarded and advanced due to a worn chain.  Also, there is a remote possibility that the balancer has begun to slip, throwing the timing mark off.  Nonetheless, I think both of these latter suggestions are junior to checking cylinder condition as you earlier prompted.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on June 03, 2015, 04:35:43 am
Managed to find a place near me that does both compression and leakdown tests, it's booked in for Friday.

Movement on the balancer is only visible with the timing light hooked up to cylinders 5 (wanders) and 7 (slight wobble) all other cylinders show a rock steady balancer.
I've made sure the spark leads for 5 & 7 do not cross.

I'm wondering if the movement seen in the balancer is a result of bad firing due to sticky valves, or a result of the spark occuring at the wrong point because of a timing issue (chain? old distributor?); but if it was timing, wouldn't all cylinders be affected?
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: enaberif on June 03, 2015, 06:32:00 am
How many miles on the motor? And do you know if the chain has ever been done?
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on June 03, 2015, 02:52:36 pm
Odo wasn't working when I bought it, and it's not the original engine, so very much an unknown. Plus it's an import with virtually no history!
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: enaberif on June 03, 2015, 03:53:38 pm
Odo wasn't working when I bought it, and it's not the original engine, so very much an unknown. Plus it's an import with virtually no history!

Well I would get the two tests done then I would visually inspect the harmonic balancer and see if the rubber is cracked or in bad shape.

From there I would possibly think about a timing chain change.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: bd on June 03, 2015, 04:53:04 pm
You can easily check the balancer and timing chain yourself with minimal tools:
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: English on June 06, 2015, 07:17:55 am
Picked the truck up from the garage yesterday. They did both compression and leakdown tests, and the verdict is that I have a leak between cylinders 3,5 and 7. The other head is fine.

Bad news on the one hand, but at least I have a verdict now, instead of chasing my tail trying to work out what's wrong. And it ties in with what I've been experiencing and what I've found with the timing light and vacuum gauge, so I don't think they're trying to mug me off- always a worry when going to a new garage (my regular guy retired last week).

So it's either the head gasket or a cracked head. To find out they need to start stripping down, which means it's time to spend money. Or... I asked about getting a long block and swapping that in instead, and to my surprise they said the labour cost would probably be the same! I am SERIOUSLY considering this as an option now.
Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: roundhouse on June 07, 2015, 05:42:52 pm
I would just swap
In a new engine
We are going to do this also
Ours has a wiped lobe on the cam and a couple other issues and we are planning on swapping in a LS engine

Guy near me sells LS engines with the wiring harness and modified computer.   Ready to run , for $1100


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Title: Re: think I have a misfire
Post by: philo_beddoe on June 12, 2015, 07:00:49 pm
In general, how do you know if you have a misfire?