If the rear was a 10bolt, the internals are the same. I can't remember if they used a 12bolt in the 80's...I'm thinking no but it's been a while since I've toyed in the 80's 1/2 ton stuff. If the rear was a 12bolt, the pinion sets up different because you won't have a crush-sleeve.
About the only thing you should be cautious of is the axle seals when you re-insert your shafts. If they are old and you're too aggressive stabbing them back in, you can damage them and you'll have a leak. Outside of that, you shouldn't have any issues if you felt good about doing the rear. Just make sure you get some lock-tight on the pinion nut (that goes for front and rear) if you hadn't planned on it.