In 81 GM shortened the hood, moved the hinges to the cowl in stead of on the fenders. They also separated the hood springs from the hinge assembly, mounted them to the fenders. they added the cowl panel between the hood, and windshield. The corner marker lights went to horizontal, the side body line ran out in the fender instead of wrapping down and back toward the front wheel. the front bumper got swept under a bit, the grill / headlights changed considerably, the leading edge of the hood was shortened in height, and the center peak got peaked.
73-79 front clip will mount to an 81-87 cab, and match the doors fine. You will need the shorter wiper arm stubs, and you will have to enlarge, and drill holes to make them fit. You should make filler piece to cover the hood hinge hole.
The 81-87 front clip will mount to the 73-87 cab. You will need to graft into the cowl the hood hinge pockets. Swap over the taller 81/87 wiper arm stubs, and make the holes fro the cowl vent, and cover.
Your truck is a 79, and you think the cab is a 79, you won't have to make any mods.
As far as the front shaft your best bet is to go to a drive shaft shop and have one made if good used ones aren't available.