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Some GM vehicles may be equipped with a reverse-flow cooling system which operates differently than a conventional type cooling system. The specialized components of this system include a gear-driven water pump with cast internal cross-over passages, an inlet-side thermostat and a pressurized high fill coolant reservoir. In this system, coolant is routed from the water pump, directly to the cylinder heads. When the heads are adequately cooled, any accumulated vapors are vented off, and the coolant then circulates through the engine block. After the coolant leaves the engine block, it returns to the water pump, moving through an internal passage into the radiator. There is a thermostat on the inlet side of the pump which meters the coolant temperature as it flows from the radiator and tries to enter the water pump casting. The water pump, which is driven by the camshaft, which is the center of the system, has cast internal passages which route coolant through the engine without sending it through the intake manifold, eliminating possible leaks. The gear-driven pump ensures coolant flow even if the drive belt breaks. The reverse-flow cooling system is advantageous because it reduces the overall cooling system pressure and basically eliminates pitting or disintegration of the water pump and seal. In addition, routing the coolant to the cylinder heads first promotes higher bore temperatures and less ring bore friction, increasing output and horsepower. Due to the increased temperature of the cylinder walls, which created higher oil temperatures, engines with reverse-flow cooling systems may be equipped with an engine oil cooler or use synthetic oil.
QuoteSome GM vehicles may be equipped with a reverse-flow cooling system which operates differently than a conventional type cooling system. The specialized components of this system include a gear-driven water pump with cast internal cross-over passages, an inlet-side thermostat and a pressurized high fill coolant reservoir. In this system, coolant is routed from the water pump, directly to the cylinder heads. When the heads are adequately cooled, any accumulated vapors are vented off, and the coolant then circulates through the engine block. After the coolant leaves the engine block, it returns to the water pump, moving through an internal passage into the radiator. There is a thermostat on the inlet side of the pump which meters the coolant temperature as it flows from the radiator and tries to enter the water pump casting. The water pump, which is driven by the camshaft, which is the center of the system, has cast internal passages which route coolant through the engine without sending it through the intake manifold, eliminating possible leaks. The gear-driven pump ensures coolant flow even if the drive belt breaks. The reverse-flow cooling system is advantageous because it reduces the overall cooling system pressure and basically eliminates pitting or disintegration of the water pump and seal. In addition, routing the coolant to the cylinder heads first promotes higher bore temperatures and less ring bore friction, increasing output and horsepower. Due to the increased temperature of the cylinder walls, which created higher oil temperatures, engines with reverse-flow cooling systems may be equipped with an engine oil cooler or use synthetic oil.
You can't even change spark plugs on alot of 'em. Their designed so the owner would have to bring them to a dealer.
And, whats up with having 4 or 5 catalytic converters on an exhaust system?
to meet stricter EPA and federal mandates
Hehe. My g/f's mom locked herself out of her running car the other day. I went out with a coathanger and a pry bar. The coathanger was too flimsy, so I used her antenna. Some people just aren't very ingenuitive any more
I drove my jeep 3 months ago 4 miles with only a pair of panty hose wrapped around the crank and waterpump