You have two problems that may or may not be related.
Chris hosted my scans of the 73-91 GM Light Truck service manuals, including Wiring, Unit Repair, and Service here.
http://forum.73-87chevytrucks.com/smforum/index.php/topic,25639Download a copy of the 1978 wiring manual. It'll show the starter hookup detail including the fusible links with the wire colors and wire gauges in AWG. Each wire will have an inline label in the diagrams. The main feed off the starter after the fusible link is labeled "10 RED-2J (SXL)" it translates to 10 AWG RED GM Circuit #2J Series S Crosslink Polyethylene jacketed wire rather than PVC jacket used where (SXL) is not called out... The GM circuit # assures you won't loose the wire when you trace it through from end to end.
--No power at all in the cab.
Check that the fusible link is hooked up to the BATT terminal on the starter. Then check for volts at the bulkhead junction stud. If you are hooked up at the starter and have no volts at the junction stud then you have smoked the fusible link or you have a damaged power feed wire.
--No start
Vapor lock is only on a hot motor. If she has cooled down then she should start assuming a good fuel pump. If you have a return line on the fuel pump vapor lock is extremely unlikely.
Did you lock the pump rod when you replaced the fuel pump? Did you remove the locking bolt and re-install the plug bolt?
You filled the float chamber 6 times through the bowel vent and she didn't kick off and run till the chamber ran dry every time? Check the ignition system. Visible spark with a spark tester? Cap and Rotor OK? Coil tests out OK? Pink wire has volts with the ignition switched on?
If she ran then you have probably mis-aligned the fuel pump rod with the plunger or you have a bad new pump.